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To expand on Josh's point, the constraint faced by the writers of the Constitution was exactly what Sam points out: the sovereignty of the states vs. a Federal government. Without a strong executive to enforce what the federal government needed or wanted to do, the states could simply ignore Congress. A messy compromise was always in the cards if we wanted one nation.

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That’s true. As I started this essay, I wanted to be incendiary about the Founders and, as I was reading more about the compromises they made, found myself acknowledging that the vast majority of them really were very intelligent. The states/federal parallel system in the US probably is more successful than not. What I don't have any real sense of is how it compares to other systems of government. Lots of countries, of course, have governors and robust systems of local government overlaid across a national administration. My hunch is that the US system is a bit clunkier than many of those in Western Europe, but I might be wrong.

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